Jfyhkgu

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

平 (radical 51, 干+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一火十 (MFJ), four-corner 1040₉, composition ⿻干丷(GHTJV) or ⿻干八(K))

Derived characters

• 
  坪, 秤, 評, 鮃
  

References

• 
  


• KangXi: page 339, character 3


• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9167


• Dae Jaweon: page 646, character 3


• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 407, character 1


• Unihan data for U+5E73

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 平
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

平

1. 
   level; even; flat
   


2. 
   even
   
   • 
     Synonyms: 均 (jūn)
     
   
   


3. 
   draw, tie
   


4. to level
   


5. 
   calm; peaceful
   
   • 
     Synonyms: 穩／稳 (wěn), 靜／静 (jìng)
     
   
   


6. peace


7. to pacify
   


8. 
   (used in placenames of conquered lands) pacified territory
   


9. 
   ordinary; common; mediocre; average
   
   
   
   • 
     Synonyms: 常 (cháng), 庸 (yōng)
     
   
   
   • 
     Antonyms: 奇 (qí), 特 (tè)
     
   
   
   
   


10. 
    (Cantonese, Hakka) cheap; inexpensive
    


11. 
    (historical) Short for 北平 (Běipíng).


12. 
    A surname​, number 95 of the Baijiaxing
    

Synonyms

Compounds

Descendants

• 
  → Tai: *biangᴬ (“flat, even”)
  
  
  
  • Lao: ພຽງ (phīang, “flat, even, equal”)
    
  
  
  • Lü: ᦵᦗᧂ (peng, “flat, even, equal”)
    
  
  
  • Northern Thai: ᨻ᩠ᨿᨦ (“flat, even, equal”)
    
  
  
  • Shan: ပဵင်း (péng, “flat, even, equal”)
    
  
  
  • Thai: เพียง (piiang, “equal, as, only, just”)
    
  
  
  
  

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

平

1. 
   Alternative form of 辨 (biàn).

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

平

1. to control prices
   

Pronunciation 4

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. 
   level; even; flat
   


2. 
   calm; peaceful
   

Readings

• 
  Go-on: びょう (byō, Jōyō)^{←びやう (byau, historical)}; べん (ben)
  


• 
  Kan-on: へい (hei, Jōyō)
  


• 
  Kan’yō-on: ひょう (hyō)^{←ひやう (fyau, historical)}; へん (hen)
  


• 
  Kun: たいら (taira, 平ら, Jōyō)^{←たひら (tafira, historical)}; ひら (hira, 平, Jōyō); ひらたい (hiratai, 平たい); ならす (narasu, 平らす); おだやか (odayaka, 平やか)
  


• 
  Nanori: なみ (nami); つね (tsune).mw-parser-output .jouyou-reading{background-color:rgb(224,255,255);background-color:rgba(224,255,255,0.5)}
  

Compounds

Etymology 1

/pi₁ra/ → /pira/ → /fira/ → /hira/

Stem of 平たい (hiratai). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• 
  Kun’yomi
  
  
  
  • 
    (Tokyo) ひ​ら [híꜜrà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
    
  
  
  • 
    IPA^(key): [çiɾa̠]
    
  
  
  
  

Noun

平 (hiragana ひら, rōmaji hira)

1. 
   something flat; flattened
   


2. 
   ordinary; common; mediocre
   


3. 
   person of low-ranking status
   
   
   
   1. freshman
   
   
   2. novice
   
   
   3. private
   
   
   
   


4. the top ridge of a roof parallel to the side of a building (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
   


5. 
   Short for 平織 (hiraori, “plain weave”).


6. in bookbinding, the flat part of a cover (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
   


7. 
   Short for 平椀 (hirawan).

Derived terms

• 
  平泳 (ひらおよ)ぎ (hiraoyogi, “breaststroke”)
  


• 
  平 (ひら)日 (び) (hirabi)
  

Prefix

平 (hiragana ひら, rōmaji hira-)

1. 
   single-minded (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
   

   connects to a noun

   
   

Proper noun

平 (hiragana ひら, rōmaji Hira)

1. a female given name


2. a surname​.

Etymology 2

/tapi₁ra/ → /tapira/ → /tafira/ → /taira/

Nominalization of 平ら (taira).

Noun

平 (hiragana たいら, rōmaji taira, historical hiragana たひら)

1. a plain; a flat (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
   

Proper noun

平 (hiragana たいら, rōmaji Taira, historical hiragana たひら)

1. a place name


2. a surname​.


3. a male given name

Etymology 3

*/bʲau/ → /pʲau/ → /pjɔː/ → /pjoː/

Probably from the goon reading byō, itself derived from Middle Chinese 平 (MC bˠiæŋ).

This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions. You can also discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “explain loss of plosive”

Pronunciation

• 
  Kan’yōyomi
  
  
  
  • 
    (Tokyo) ひょ​ー [hyóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
    
  
  
  • 
    IPA^(key): [ço̞ː]
    
  
  
  
  

Noun

平 (hiragana ひょう, rōmaji hyō, historical hiragana ひやう)

1. Synonym of 平韻 (hyōin)


2. 
   Abbreviation of 平調 (hyōjō).

Etymology 4

From Middle Chinese 平 (MC bˠiæŋ). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

• 
  Kan’yōyomi
  
  
  
  • 
    (Tokyo) へ​ー [héꜜè] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
    
  
  
  • 
    IPA^(key): [he̞ː]
    
  
  
  
  

Noun

平 (hiragana へい, rōmaji hei)

1. 
   something neither high nor low
   


2. something calm
   

Proper noun

平 (hiragana へい, rōmaji Hei)

1. a surname​.

Etymology 5

Various nanori readings.

Proper noun

平 (hiragana おさむ, rōmaji Osamu)

1. a surname​.


2. 
   a male given name (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
   

平 (hiragana ひとし, rōmaji Hitoshi)

1. a surname​.


2. a male given name

平 (hiragana ひろし, rōmaji Hiroshi)

1. 
   a male given name (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
   

平 (hiragana やすし, rōmaji Yasushi)

1. 
   a male given name (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
   

平 (hiragana よし, rōmaji Yoshi)

1. a surname​.

References

Korean

Hanja

平 • (pyeong, pyeon) (hangeul 평, 편, revised pyeong, pyeon, McCune–Reischauer p'yŏng, p'yŏn)

1. (평평하다, pyeongpyeong-hada) to be flat, level, plane
   

Derived terms

Vietnamese

Han character

平 (bình, bằng, bường, biền)

• This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 
  平安 bình an


• 高平 Cao Bằng


• 平平 biền biền (cf. Thiều Chửu )


• 
  平常 bình thường
  

Readings

• Nôm: bình, bằng, bường

References

• Thiều Chửu: Hán Việt Tự Điển, Hà Nội, 1942


• Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999


• Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999


• Nom Foundation